African nations combined currently contribute less than 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). A small handful of African countries – South Africa, Egypt, Algeria, Nigeria Libya and Morocco – are responsible for most of this contribution.  

While Africa’s current contribution to climate change is small and its historical contribution is negligible, the continent still has a critical role in the global carbon footprint. This role should not be overlooked, especially looking to the future.

As African nations undergo rapid urbanisation and industrial development, the demand for energy has led to a rise in emissions. Deforestation, land-use changes, and agricultural practices in Africa also have a big impact on carbon dioxide levels. Vast amounts of stored carbon are released and more is generated, while the land’s ability to absorb carbon is reduced.

The continent’s growing population and need for development will drive a much higher contribution to climate change if that development is not sustainable.